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The XML attribute is like an adjective that modifies the element. The syntax is of the format attribute=value. There are several attribute types as follows.
CDATA attributes are character data.
Entity attributes refer to an external item in the XML document.
Enumeration attributes are, as the name implies, a list of values.
Nmtoken attributes are like CDATA, but with more restrictions.
There are also notation attributes. However I have not used them before. Attributes in general are a building block of the XML language. I would consider them second only to elements. You have some choice as to make items elements or attributes. I recall in my formal XML course the instructor went over some guidance on this. Too bad I cannot ask questions in my latest online XML course. This would make for a good discussion.